Eficácia e segurança do transplante de microbiota fecal para doença de Parkinson: uma revisão sistemática
Palabras clave:
Neurologia, Transplante de Microbiota Fecal, Doença de Parkinson, Cognição, Medicina Baseada em EvidênciasResumen
Contexto: O transplante de microbiota fecal (TMF) é um procedimento que envolve a transferência de material fecal de um doador saudável para um paciente, com o objetivo de restaurar o equilíbrio intestinal. A disbiose intestinal na doença de Parkinson (DP) agrava os sintomas motores e gastrointestinais. Estudos sugerem que o TMF pode aliviar esses sintomas, melhorando a saúde intestinal e reduzindo a neuroinflamação. Métodos: Esta revisão seguiu as diretrizes PRISMA e Cochrane. Uma busca bibliográfica foi realizada nas bases de dados Cochrane Library, PubMed e Scopus. Os artigos foram selecionados para inclusão usando a plataforma Rayyan®, com base em critérios de elegibilidade predefinidos, com quaisquer conflitos resolvidos por consenso. Resultados: De 760 registros, quatro estudos preencheram os critérios de inclusão. O TMF demonstrou desfechos variáveis, com melhora dos sintomas variando de 45% a 70% para distúrbios gastrointestinais e função motora. Os eventos adversos foram mínimos, envolvendo principalmente desconforto gastrointestinal leve. O TMF foi eficaz na restauração do equilíbrio da microbiota intestinal e na redução da neuroinflamação. No entanto, a heterogeneidade nas populações de pacientes, nos protocolos de TMF e nos desenhos de estudo complicaram a padronização dos desfechos. Conclusão: O TMF oferece uma abordagem terapêutica promissora para a DP, particularmente na melhora dos sintomas gastrointestinais e motores. A variabilidade nas populações de pacientes, nos protocolos de TMF e nos desenhos de estudo destacam a necessidade de metodologias padronizadas e de ensaios clínicos mais abrangentes. Otimizar a administração do TMF e explorar seu papel como tratamento adjuvante às terapias convencionais podem melhorar os desfechos dos pacientes e fornecer uma estratégia inovadora para o manejo da DP.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Isabela Coutinho Faria, Kleuber Arias Meireles Martins, Mariana Menezes Corcinio, Pedro Soares de Oliveira, Gabriella Faria Nogueira, Ana Julia da Silva Oliveira Bittarães, Mariane Otoni Braga
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
