Vacinas contra SARS-CoV-2 e seus Efeitos Frente à Mortalidade em Pacientes Transplantados: Uma Revisão Sistemática com Metanálise

Arthur Lacerda Rocha; Eveline Pipolo Milan; Renan Oliveira de Carvalho Caminha; Daniel Felipe Fernandes  Paiva

Autores

Arthur Rocha Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte – Centro de Ciências da Saúde – Natal (RN) – Brasil. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8265-9145
Eveline Pipolo Milan Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte – Departamento de Infectologia – Natal (RN), Brasil. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5443-6315
Renan Oliveira de Carvalho Caminha Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte – Centro de Ciências da Saúde – Natal (RN) – Brasil. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6408-2883
Daniel Felipe Fernandes Paiva Universidade Estadual de Campinas – Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba – Piracicaba (SP), Brasil. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4186-9856

Palavras-chave:

SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Vacinas, Transplantados, Eficácia, Mortalidade

Resumo

Objetivos: Com o avançar da pandemia e o melhor conhecimento da doença do coronavírus 2019 (COVID-19), novas maneiras de enfrentar essa enfermidade vieram à tona. Assim, propomos esta revisão sistemática para entender melhor a ação das vacinas no combate à mortalidade causada por esse vírus, em especial nos pacientes transplantados. Métodos: Nesta revisão sistemática com metanálise, os revisores analisaram 389 artigos elegíveis de acordo com os critérios utilizados e selecionaram cegamente os estudos que traziam dados sobre pacientes transplantados e mortalidade, resultando no total de 15 trabalhos inseridos no estudo. Os resultados da triagem foram adicionados a uma planilha e seus dados compilados. Resultados: Dos 15 artigos incluídos, foi possível observar uma queda significativa nos índices de mortalidade geral dos pacientes vacinados, exceto nos estudos que utilizaram o imunizante de vírus inativado. Além disso, a mortalidade dos pacientes infectados mesmo após a vacinação manteve-se próxima à do grupo dos não vacinados, assim como a necessidade de ventilação mecânica. Conclusão: A imunização dos pacientes transplantados é capaz de reduzir significativamente os índices de mortalidade dessa parcela da população. No entanto, por terem uma taxa de soroconversão reduzida, diferentes maneiras de atingir uma resposta imune adequada devem ser consideradas.

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