Análise de Sobrevida do Enxerto em Pacientes Pediátricos Submetidos ao Transplante Renal
Palavras-chave:
Pediatria, Transplante de Rim, Insuficiência Renal Crônica, Análise de SobrevidaResumo
Introdução: O transplante renal . a terapia padr.o ouro para doença renal crônica (DRC) em estágio final. Entretanto, aspectos relacionados às características do doador e do receptor, à técnica cirúrgica, ao protocolo de imunossupressão e comorbidade podem impactar a sobrevida do enxerto. Objetivos: Avaliar os fatores associados à sobrevida do enxerto em pacientes pediátricos submetidos ao transplante renal. Métodos: Estudo descritivo do tipo coorte retrospectivo que incluiu todos os pacientes de 1 a 18 anos submetidos ao transplante renal na Unidade Renal Pedi.trica do Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof. Fernando Figueira (IMIP), Recife, Brasil, de janeiro de 2017 a dezembro de 2021, com tempo m.nimo de seguimento de 10 meses, totalizando 51 pacientes. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa do IMIP sob o CAAE: 52023921.1.0000.5201. Resultados: A mediana de idade dos pacientes ao transplante renal foi de 12 anos (9-13), sendo 27 (52,9%) do sexo masculino e oito (15,6%) com menos de 5 anos. As principais etiologias da DRC foram as anomalias congênitas do rim e do trato urinário (n = 25; 49%). Quanto ao transplante renal, 49 (96,1%) foram de doador falecido e a mediana do tempo de seguimento foi de 32 (14-42) meses. Após o transplante, 58% da população eram hipertensos, enquanto 80,4% apresentavam dislipidemia. As taxas de sobrevida do enxerto e do paciente em 5 anos, avaliadas pela curva de Kaplan Meier, foram, respectivamente, 86,3 e 90,2%. Sete pacientes (n = 5) perderam o enxerto, sendo a causa mais frequente a trombose de veia renal. As causas não glomerulares de DRC mostraram menor sobrevida do enxerto quando comparadas .s causas glomerulares (log rank p = 0,010). Conclusão: As taxas de sobrevida do enxerto e dos pacientes em nossa casuística assemelham-se aos dados nacionais e mundiais. As causas mais frequentes de perda do enxerto foram os eventos tromboembólicos. Além disso, observamos elevada prevalência de hipertensão e dislipidemia. Esses resultados nos direcionam para estabelecer estratégias para melhorar a sobrevida nos transplantes renais pediátricos.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Ligia Soeiro, Anna Clara de Moura Lima, Alice Pimentel Vinicius Silva, Maria Eduarda Cardoso de Araújo, Daniela Saraiva Guerra Lopes, Iracy de Oliveira Araújo, Emília Maria Danta Soeiro
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
